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Retrospective: 1996

Retrospective: 1996

Retrospective: 1996

À l'occasion des 30 ans des Centres Chorégraphiques Nationaux, 30 pastilles qui évoquent à travers un montage d’archives l’histoire des CCN, des chorégraphes et de la danse en France ces 30 dernières années ont été créées. 

Focus sur l'année 1996 et les productions de François Raffinot, Catherine Diverres, Claude Brumachon, Jérôme Bel, Boris Charmatz.  

Raffinot, François

  

François Raffinot is a French choreographer born on January 1st, 1953, in Paris.
He discovered his love for the arts at a fairly early age. At 10, he remembers he was marked by modern and contemporary music and, in particular, that of the composers Edgar Varèse, with his Electronic Poem, and Belà Bartók.
He pursued his studies at the Montaigne and Louis-le-Grand grammar schools where his interest in theatre quickly gave way to dance. At the age of 16, on holiday, he watched Nomos Alpha by Maurice Béjart, a ballet created in Royan in 1969 to a music by Iannis Xenakis. This association of dance and music made a deep impression on the young man.
 

At the age of 17, he enrolled in the classical dance classes given by Igor Fosca at the salle Pleyel. At the same time, he watched many shows and, in particular, those of Merce Cunningham at the Théâtre de l'Odéon.
In 1973, aged 20, he auditioned for the Théâtre du Silence, a company then directed by Jacques Garnier and Brigitte Lefèvre. He then settled in Grenoble, where he danced for Félix Blaska and at the Ballet de poche where he met the choreographer Alain Deshayes, in whom he found an ideal interlocutor. After a short stay in Rouen in early 1975, he tried his hand at theatre and cabaret in London, playing in particular at the Roundhouse in La Grande Eugène by Frantz Salieri. This enabled him to further his culture of cabaret and music-hall.
 

Alain Deshayes also put him in contact with Jean-Claude Malgoire, a leading specialist of baroque music. The two men worked together for the first time in 1974 for the remounting of Les Indes galantes, an opera-ballet by Jean-Philippe Rameau.
In 1975 and 1976 he performed with the Peter Goss company, where Dominique Bagouet also danced, and actively participated in the choreographic collective Watercress. At the same time, he began his own research into ancient dances, especially based on the dances of Guillaume-Louis Pécour noted by Raoul-Auger Feuillet. Viviane Serry, who was a member ofWatercress then introduced him to Francine Lancelot. In 1978 he decided to resume his studies and to follow classes for a philosophy degree at the Paris IV-Sorbonne University.
 

We can then identify 5 major periods in François Raffinot’s artistic career, corresponding to the different structures (cultural institutions or companies) within which he developed his creations: Ris & Danceries, which he first joined as an interpreter in 1980 but then went on to co-direct (1984 to 1989), the Barocco company (1990-1992), the Le Havre – Haute-Normandie CCN, Ircam (1999-2002) and, last but not least, the Snarc (2002-2013).
In 1980 he joined Ris & Danceries, Francine Lancelot’s company, whose work on baroque dances held special meaning for him. He became a dancer and an interpreter there. Alongside Francine Lancelot, he re-appropriated and reinvented dances from the 15th to the 18th century. With her, he directed the company as from 1984. He won acclaim by choreographing the divertissements d’Hippolyte et Aricie (1985) directed by William Christie, as per a staging by Pier-Luigi Pizzi, and by re-inventing the design of Bal et ballets à la cour de Louis XIV (1987). However, François Raffinot began to make a name for himself by devoting himself to his own writing of baroque dance, proposing his Suitte d'un goût étranger set to music by Marin Marais, a piece for which he asked Andy De Groat, Dominique Bagouet and Robert Kovich to join the project. This was followed by Caprice (1986) and Passacailles (1987). In 1988 he worked once again with the conductor Jean-Claude Malgoire for the recreations of Zéphyre (1988) and Platée (1989).
 

In 1990 he left Francine Lancelot’s company and, together with Guilène Lloret, set up the company Barroco. Ever since, he has dedicated himself to writing a new aesthetics of baroque dance with an aim to instilling in it greater contemporaneity. He reflects, in particular, on the relationship between dance and music. For this reason, he created, at the Festival Montpellier Danse, Garden-Party ou les surprises de la conversation for which the English composer Michael Nyman produced the musical themes. In 1991 he staged, with Jean-Claude Malgoire as musical director Les Fêtes vénitiennes, the first part of which consists of extracts from the eponymous opera by André Campra, and the second of Pulcinella by Igor Stravinski. The following year, he choreographed Alceste, Jean-Baptiste Lully’s lyric tragedy, before staging Les Barricades mystérieuses, a trio created for the dancers of the Jeune Ballet de France. Were we to ask him about his research into the baroque world, he would say that “he has retained from these studies and activities a taste for the flamboyant, for machinery, illusion, and all that is excessive”.
 

In 1993 he was appointed co-director, with Guilène Lloret, of the Le Havre – Haute-Normandie National Choreographic Centre. For his first season, he created Les Météores. In his own words, the piece paved the way for a new era of creation, encouraging a freer and more personal style. For the Avignon Festival, in July 1994, he created Adieu, a piece set to music by Pascal Dusapin. In August that same year he presented Linden, as part of the Berlin Tanz Im August festival. The Finnish composer Magnus Lindberg was asked to compose the music. Adieu and Linden would then often be played together during the same show. In 1995, Pascal Dusapin was once again asked to compose the music for his new creation Sin arrimo y con arrimo. The title was inspired by a poem by Saint John of the Cross. In 1996 Au-delà was commissioned by the Komische Oper Berlin. The piece, interpreted by German dancers, is performed to musics by Giacinto Scelsi. A few months later, Scandal Point was presented at the 50th edition of the Avignon Festival. The piece strikes us by the use of Salman Rushdie’s voice and the very rock and roll title of the British band The Rolling Stones, Sympathy for the Devil. Having created the decors for Sin arrimo y con arrimo, the plastic artist Agnès Lévy collaborated again with Fançois Raffinot for Rift, created for the 1997 Octobre en Normandie festival. For his last year as the centre’s director, he created Remix to musics by György Ligeti and Heiner Goebbels. We owe him, during this same period, the conception and the first edition of Vif du Sujet in 1996, a SACD choreographic event at the Avignon Festival.
 

In 1999 François Raffinot set up the choreographic department of Ircam (Institute for research and coordination in acoustics/music), of which he was the director. The aims of this new department are “to set up a programme to raise awareness of choreographic art, to determine areas for audio-visual research corresponding to those of the research department, drive the development of certain techniques hand in hand with the pedagogical department, to promote exchanges between young choreographers and young composers by means of specific musical commissions, and to encourage the presence on stage of instrumentalists or singers alongside dancers”. Indeed, for the Agora Festival, François Raffinot created the piece Play-Back to a music by Edmund J. Campion, in June 1999, commissioned by Ircam and the SACD. In 2000 he worked closely with Emmanuelle Vo-Dinh, one of his most loyal interpreters, and with the composer Yan Maresz, for the piece Al Segno. Last, but not least, in 2001, he presented P.R. / On Line (Home studio) to Anthème 2 by Pierre Boulez and Animus by Luca Francesconi.
 

Stepping down in July 2002, he then set up his own structure, SNARC (Nomad site for choreographic research workshops) to devote himself to research and pedagogical laboratories focused on the body and the new technologies (dance/music/image). Witness to this is pas_de_direction that he created with the composer François Sarhan and the videographer Magali Desbazeille. This piece was designed for 3 performers. He then produced a series of Laboratoires: Rebound's Lab with the percussionist and stage director Roland Auzet, Totem for an acrobat, Salomé, Salon littéraire for 4 writers and Set, a piece for 7 women from different artistic backgrounds (March 2006). Alongside these projects, in 2005 he entered into a 3-year residency at the Arsenal de Metz where he created Set, a piece for 7 women from different artistic backgrounds (March 2006). He also became a member of the Centre des arts of Enghien-les-Bains. Since 2009, François Raffinot has been regularly invited to hold theoretical classes in art schools and universities, and publishes works, articles and fictions.

He was a philosophy teacher at the Lycée Steiner-Waldorff Perceval at Châtou from 2010 to 2015.

He has published 2 books and a number of papers on choreography. He is also a fiction writer.

Diverrès, Catherine

Catherine Diverrès has said, “Conscience, our relationship with others, this is what creates time”, ever since her first choreographic creation. She is a sort of strange meteor, appearing in the landscape of contemporary dance in the mid-80’s. She stood out almost immediately in her rejection of the tenets of post-modern American dance and the classically-based vocabularies trending at that time. She trained at the Mudra School in Brussels under the direction of Maurice Béjart, and studied the techniques of José Limón, Merce Cunningham and Alwin Nikolais before joining the company of Dominique Bagouet in Montpellier, then deciding to set out on her own choreographic journey.

Her first work was an iconic duo, Instance, with Bernardo Montet, based upon a study trip she took to Japan in 1983, during which she worked with one of the great masters of butoh, Kazuo Ohno. This marked the beginning of the Studio DM. Ten years later she was appointed director of the National Choreographic Center in Rennes, which she directed until 2008.

Over the years, Catherine Diverrès has created over thirty pieces, created her own dance language, an extreme and powerful dance, resonating with the great changes in life, entering into dialogues with the poets: Rilke, Pasolini and Holderlin, reflecting alongside the philosophers Wladimir Jankelevich and Jean-Luc Nancy, focusing also on the transmission of movement and repertoire in Echos, Stances and Solides and destabilising her own dancing with the help of the plastician Anish Kapoor in L’ombre du ciel.

Beginning in 2000, she began adapting her own style of dance by conceiving other structures for her creations: she improvised with the music in Blowin, developed projects based on experiences abroad, in Sicily for Cantieri, and with Spanish artists in La maison du sourd. Exploring the quality of stage presence, gravity, hallucinated images, suspensions, falls and flight — the choreographer began using her own dance as a means of revealing, revelation, unmasking, for example in Encor, in which movements and historical periods are presented. Diverrès works with the body to explore the important social and aesthetic changes of today, or to examine memory, the way she did in her recent solo in homage to Kazuo Ohno, O Sensei.

And now the cycle is repeating, opening on a new period of creation with the founding of Diverrès’ new company, Association d’Octobre, and the implantation of the company in the city of Vannes in Brittany. Continuing on her chosen path of creation and transmission, the choreographer and her dancers have taken on a legendary figure, Penthesilea, the queen of the Amazons, in Penthésilée(s). In returning to group and collective work, this new work is indeed another step forward in the choreographer’s continuing artistic journey.


Source: Irène Filiberti, website of the company Catherine Diverrès


More information: compagnie-catherine-diverres.com

Brumachon, Claude

Claude Brumachon was born in 1959, in Rouen. After attending Fine Arts where drawing directed him down the path of bodies, he took up dance at the age of seventeen with « les Ballets de la Cité » led by Catherine Atlani, he stayed there for two years.

In 1981, Claude Brumachon met Benjamin Lamarche in Paris, they immediately started a collaborative and original research. Together, they explored that new world opening up through the dancing body.

Claude Brumachon between 1980 and 1983, as for him, worked with Christine Gérard (La Pierre Fugitive), Karine Saporta and Brigitte Farges.

As they belonged to no school in particular and as they rejected none, Claude and Benjamin sealed their agreement with a first duet : Niverolles Duo du col in 1982.

With their first group, the « Rixes » company in 1984, they invented a stylized, vehement and passionate choreographic writing: a sharp and brisk gesture, a tormented tenderness. They surrounded themselves with dancers, a composer, a makeup artist and a costume designer: Founding a troupe and leading it to creation.

In four years’ time, the choreographer created ten plays with two major ones (1988): Texane (award-winning at the Bagnolet contest) and Le Piédestal des vierges which set their style to a recognizable gesture. It quickly followed on sequences of cleat-cut and sharp movements cutting the body and the space.

The choreographer carved out a reputation. In 1989, Folie came to the fore and was a great success again. That success has been repeated 7 years later in 1996, with Icare (presented at the 50th Festival d’Avignon), a solo written for Benjamin Lamarche.

Sometimes groping, sometimes rushing headlong, Claude Brumachon and Benjamin Lamarche imagine and create new worlds. There‘s never any doubt between them, doubts are about dancing, about the ways of dancing, about the continuing questioning of this moving body the mind is obsessed with.

The teaching of their dance is made through training, lessons are made as much to pass on this brand new knowledge as to refine it. Moments to unite the group under a common body language. To understand is also to make understand.

As an expression of desire – passionate – and of an overflowing sensuality to a certain point that it was sometimes described as violent, their plays are tales of the inexpressible, they are mirrors of raging inner worlds, pushed beyond their own rules. Claude Brumachon and Benjamin Lamarche have become researchers in poetic and powerful movements. They’ve been creating a dance alternately full of energy and tormented, lyric and passionate, now high-spirited and romantic and now down to earth and meaningful.

Out of Molière’s wanderings, they made with Histoire d’Argan le Visionnaire (2007) a bright and facetious show as a tribute to the artist. Out of the consumer society, they made a Festin (2004), carnal and sensual where proximity bursts out at the face of the audience. With Phobos (2007), they ventured into irrational, universal or shallow fears.

Claude and Benjamin create from the body for the body and with the body.

Their dances are as much stories of different groups that share a space to live in as they are stories of loneliness facing the world. They all are a research around an irrational gesture that calls for the precise one, necessary and full of meaning.

A gesture, heavy with an unspeakable story that changes into the very moment and, in a sometimes bitter statement, offers a view of man in his complexity.

Claude Brumachon signed more than eighty original choreographies with his own dancers, dancers from other French or foreign ballets, with schools and with children as well.

They directed the National Choreographic Centre of Nantes to the creation in 1992 to 2015. Since January 1, 2016 they continue their choreographic road with their new company SOUS LA PEAU.


Source : Brumachon-Lamarche


More information :

https://www.brumachon-lamarche.fr/

Bel, Jérôme

In his early pieces (name given by the author, Jérôme Bel, Shirtology…), Jérôme Bel applied structuralist operations to dance in order to single out the primary elements from theatrical spectacle. The neutralization of  formal criteria and the distance he took from choreographic language led him to reduce his pieces to their operative minimum, the better to bring out a critical reading of the economy of the stage, and of the body on it.

His interest subsequently shifted from dance as a stage practice to the issue of the performer as a particular individual. The series of portraits of dancers (Véronique Doisneau, Cédric Andrieux, Isadora Duncan…) broaches dance through the narrative of those who practice it, emphasizes words in a dance spectacle, and stresses the issue of the singularity of the stage. Here, formal and institutional criticism takes the form of a deconstruction through discourse, in a subversive gesture which radicalizes its relation to choreography.

Through his use of biography, Jérôme  Bel politicizes his questions, aware as he is of the crisis involving the subject in contemporary society and the forms its representation takes on stage. In embryonic form in The show must go on, he deals with questions about what the theatre can be in a political sense—questions which come to the fore from Disabled Theater and Gala on. In offering the stage to non-traditional performers (amateurs, people with physical and mental handicaps, children…), he shows a preference for the community of differences over the formatted group, and a desire to dance over choreography, and duly applies the methods of a process of emancipation through art.

Since 2019, for ecological reasons, Jérôme Bel and his company no longer use airplanes for their travels and it is with this new paradigm that his latest performances (Xiao Ke, Laura Pante...) have been created and produced.

He has been invited to contemporary art biennials and museums (Tate Modern, MoMA, Documenta 13, the Louvre…), where he has put on performances and shown films. Two of them, Véronique Doisneau and Shirtology, are in the collections of the Musée National d’Art Moderne-Centre Pompidou. Jérôme Bel  is regularly invited to give lectures at universities (Waseda, UCLA, Stanford…). In 2013, together with the choreographer Boris Charmatz, he co-authored Emails 2009-2010, which was published by Les Presses du Réel.

In 2005, Jérôme Bel received a Bessie Award for the performances of The show must go on given in New York. Three years later, with Pichet Klunchun, he won the Routes Princesse Margriet Award for Cultural Diversity (European Cultural Foundation) for the  performance  Pichet Klunchun and myself. Disabled Theater was chosen in 2013 for the Theatertreffen in Berlin and won the Swiss “present-day dance creation” prize. En 2021, Jérôme Bel and Wu-Kang Chen received the Taishin Performing Arts Award for the performance Dances for Wu-Kang Chen.


Source : Jérôme Bel 's website

More information : jeromebel.fr

Charmatz, Boris

Born in Chambéry (France), on January 3, 1973

After studying at the Ecole de Danse de l'Opéra de Paris and at the Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique et de Danse de Lyon, Boris Charmatz was engaged by Régine Chopinot to dance Ana (1990) and Saint-Georges (1991). In 1992, he was asked by Odile Duboc to join her company Contrejour to dance 7 jours/7 villes (1992), Projet de la matière (1993) and Trois Boléros (1996). He also took part in the premiere of K de E, choreographed by Olivia Grandville and Xavier Marchand (1993).

In 1992, he co-founded edna association with Dimitri Chamblas. Following the premieres of works the pair choreographed together À bras-le-corps (1993) and Les Disparates (1994), Charmatz began creating his own works: Aatt enen tionon (1996), a vertical piece for three dancers, herses (une lente introduction) (1997), a piece for five dancers and a cellist set to music by Helmut Lachenmann. In 1999, he choreographed Con forts fleuve (1999), a group piece performed to texts by John Giorno and musics by Otomo Yoshihide. In 2002, he premiered héâtre-élévision, a provocative installation piece influenced by russian Matryoshka nesting dolls that was designed to be seen by one spectator at a time. In 2006, he premiered régi, a performance with Julia Cima, Raimund Hoghe and himself, as well as Quintette Cercle (2006), a live version of héâtre-élévision. La danseuse malade (2008) performed by Jeanne Balibar and Boris Charmatz, was inspired by the texts of Tatsumi Hijikata, founder of butoh dance. One of his latest works, 50 years of dance (2009), is performed by former dancers of the Merce Cunningham Dance Company. Conceived like a choreographic flip-book, it takes the book “Merce Cunningham, Fifty Years” by David Vaughan as its score. Roman Photo (2009) is the version for non-dancers, students and amateurs and Flip Book (2009) the one for professional dancers. Levée des conflits (2010) is a performance for 24 dancers and 25 mouvements. Associate artist of the 2011 Festival d'Avignon, Boris Charmatz creates at the Cour d'Honneur of the Pope's Palace enfant, a piece for 26 children, 9 dancers and 3 machines.

Since 1997, in collaboration with Angèle Le Grand, he developed varied projects within the association edna. The purpose of such propositions was to create a space open to multiple experiments: thematic sessions, production of films (Les Disparates by César Vayssié, Horace Benedict by Dimitri Chamblas and Aldo Lee, Une lente introduction by Boris Charmatz), Hors-série programmes proposed by the edna team (La chaise and Visitations by Julia Cima, Jachères by Vincent Dupont), production of installations (Programme court avec essorage), organisation of exhibitions (Complexe, Statuts), and trans-media projects (Ouvrée - artistes en alpages, Entraînements-série d'actions artistiques, Facultés, Education).

While maintaining an extensive touring schedule, he also participates in improvisational events on a regular basis (recently with Saul Williams, Archie Shepp and Han Bennink) and continues to pursue his performing career (with Odile Duboc for Projet de la Matière and Trois boléros, as part of the piece d'un Faune (éclats) by the Albrecht Knust Quartet and with Fanny de Chaillé for Underwear), to name a few.

From 2002 to 2004, while an artist-in-residence at the Centre national de la danse in Pantin and driven by the idea of exploring the theme of education in depth, he developped the Bocal project, a nomadic and ephemeral school that brought together students from different backgrounds. He was visiting professor at Berlin's Universität der Künste, where he contributed to the creation of a new dance curriculum which was installed in 2007.

He is the co-author of a book with Isabelle Launay: Entretenir / à propos d'une danse contemporaine (published jointly by the Centre National de la Danse and Les Presses du Réel) published in English in 2011 under the title undertraining / On A Contemporary Dance (Ed. Les Presses du Réel). Boris Charmatz is also the author of “Je suis une école” (2009, Ed. Les Prairies ordinaires) related to the adventure Bocal.

Director since 2009 of the Rennes and Britanny National Choreographic Centre, Boris Charmatz proposes to transform it into a Dancing Museum of a new kind. A manifesto is at the origin of this museum, which has received, amongst others, the projects préfiguration, expo zéro, rebutoh, service commandé (on commission), brouillon (rough draft), Jérôme Bel en 3 sec. 30 sec. 3 min. 30 min et 3 h., Petit Musée de la danse, « Rétrospective » par Xavier Le Roy and has travelled to Saint Nazaire, Singapore, Utrecht, Avignon and New York.


He creates the piece manger at the Ruhrtriennale in Germany on September 23rd, 2014, danse de nuit as part of the Built-Festival of Geneva in 2016, then 10 000 gestes in 2017 at the Volksbühne of Berlin.


Source : Boris Charmatz’s website


More information : 

http://www.borischarmatz.org/

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