The variations proposed by the French   Ministry of Culture are teaching aids. They are designed to form a   didactic tool allowing each teacher to transmit dances in the context  of  a choreographic culture.

We strongly recommend that teachers consult the enclosed leaflet, which presents for each variation a biographical note of the choreographers and musicians as well as comments on each dance.

The end of cycle 1 and 2 variations can be technically adapted by   teachers, who have excellent knowledge of their students and are  seeking  for them the most appropriate physical commitment. The  variations for  end of cycle 3, DNOP (national diploma of professional  orientation) in  dance, Bac TMD (Baccalauréat in music and dance  techniques) with dance  option, EAT (French technical capability  examinations), are extracts  from repertoires and, as such, must respect  the artistic writing.  Moreover, some variations can be danced both by  boys and girls,  according to the choice of the student, candidate or  teacher. 

Alwin Nikolaïs was born in 1910 in Southington, Connecticut. He studied piano at an early age and began his performing career as an organist accompanying silent films. As a young artist he gained skills in scenic design, acting, puppetry and music composition. It was after attending a performance by the illustrious German dancer Mary Wigman that he was inspired to study dance. He received his early dance training at Bennington College from the great figures of the modern dance world: Hanya Holm, Martha Graham, Doris Humphrey, Charles Weidman, Louis Horst, and others. In 1940, in collaboration with Truda Kaschmann, his first modern dance teacher Mr. Nikolais received a commission to create « Eight Column Line », his first ballet.  In 1948, Mr. Nikolais was appointed director of the Henry Street Playhouse, where he formed the Playhouse Dance Company, later renamed and known as the Nikolais Dance Theatre. It was at Henry Street that Mr. Nikolais began to develop his own world of abstract dance theatre, portraying man as part of a total environment. His unique choreographic works placed him in a realm previously untouched by other choreographers. Mr. Nikolais redefined dance, as “the art of motion which, left on its own merits, becomes the message as well as the medium.“

While developing his choreography, Mr. Nikolais' lifelong interest in music led him to create his own scores. Choreographer, composer, scenic and costume designer, has blended his many talents into a single aesthetic force. In a career that has spanned five decades, he has left his imprint on every theatrical medium, from Broadway to television. Whenever there is something new, his hand is evident. His lighting wonders, his sound scores, his choreography, and his costumes have influenced the contemporary stage and a generation of choreographers. Mr. Nikolais is the creator of the internationally acclaimed Nikolais Dance Theater and the genius responsible for dozens of visual masterpieces. As a uniquely original exponent of American contemporary dance he toured throughout Europe and subsequent tours to South America and the Far East. Mr. Nikolais is renowned as a master teacher, and his pedagogy is taught in schools and universities throughout the world. He passed away May 8, 1993 and is buried in Pere La Chaisse cemetery in Paris.

Source: Nikolais/Louis Foundation for dance Inc.

More information: nikolaislouis.org

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Director of the production company La Huit since 1990, Gilles Le Mao has produced and directed, on behalf of the General Delegation of Artistic Creation, more than 300 variations of “Dance Events” since 1996.

 Executive producer of some 400 audiovisual and cinema programs at La Huit, he also carries out major interviews on personalities from ethnology, architecture, landscape and art history with the Ministry of Culture. 2009 World Music Favorite Prize from the Charles Cros Academy for the film “The Drums of Tokyo”, he has produced around fifty documented concerts on jazz, world music and classical music since 1999.

 He has also been a member of various selective cinema commissions since 2009 at the CNC and in the Limousin, Normandy and Grand-Est regions. Since 1995, he has worked with the Ministry of Culture - Drac Ile de France in high school and BTS cinema and production section.

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